?????

百度平均浓度最低的3个城市依次是北京、廊坊和天津，分别为46g/m3、53g/m3和60g/m3，浓度最高的3个城市依次是邯郸、邢台和安阳，分别为104g/m3、97g/m3和97g/m3。

?????(????: ???? ??????? ??? ?????, ???: ????? ??????? ???? ?????^[*], ??: West Jerusalem ?? Western Jerusalem, ???: ?????)? 1948?? ??? ?1? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????, ??? ?????? ???? ?????.^[1] ?? ? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???, ???? ??? ????? ???.^[2]^[3] ????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??.^[4]

??

1948? ??

1948? ????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ? 28,000? ??? ???? ????, ?? ???? ???? 750? ??? "??? ??"?? ???? ?? ????.^[6] ?? ?? ????? ???? ????, ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? 3? ? ??? ?????, ??? ???? ????^[1]^[7] ?????? ??? ? ????? ?? ????. ?????? ??? ? 1,500? ??? ???? ???? ?????.^[8]

1949? ???? ??

?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?????.^[9]^[10] 1949? 12??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?????.^[10]

?????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?????. ?? ??? ?? ?????? ? 33%? ??????? ???? ??? ???, ????? ??? ?? ??? ???. ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?????.^[2]

???? ?? ?? ? 19?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???????, ????? ?????? ??? ?????.

????? ??

1950? ????? ?????? ??? ?????.^[2] ???? ??? ? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???, ???, ?? ? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????.^[11] 1948? ????? ?? ???? ??, ?????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?????. 2017? 12? 6? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?????,^[12] 2018? 12? 15? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ?????.^[13]

???

1967? 6?, ?3? ?? ?? ?? ????? ??????^[14] ?? ?? ??? ?????. ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??, ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???.^[14]

1980? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??????, ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??.^[1] ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????.^[15] ?? ? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???, ??? ? ????? ?? ??? ??????, ?? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???.^[15]

?? ??

?????

??

↑ ^? ^? ^? “Key Maps”. 《Jerusalem: Before 1967 and now》. BBC News. 2013? 4? 26?? ???.
↑ ^? ^? ^? Dumper 1997, 35–36?.
↑ Moshe Hirsch; Deborah Housen-Couriel; Ruth Lapidot (1995? 6? 28?). 《Whither Jerusalem?: Proposals and Positions Concerning the Future of Jerusalem》. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. 15?. ISBN 978-90-411-0077-1. What, then, is Israel's status in west Jerusalem? Two main answers have been adduced: (a) Israel has sovereignty in this area; and (b) sovereignty lies with the Palestinian people or is suspended.
↑ Bisharat, George (2010? 12? 23?). 〈Maximizing Rights〉. Susan M. Akram; Michael Dumper; Michael Lynk. 《International Law and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: A Rights-Based Approach to Middle East Peace》. Routledge. 311?. ISBN 978-1-136-85098-1. As we have noted previously the international legal status of Jerusalem is contested and Israel’s designation of it as its capital has not been recognized by the international community. However its claims of sovereign rights to the city are stronger with respect to West Jerusalem than with respect to East Jerusalem.
↑ Elisha Efrat and Allen G. Noble, Planning Jerusalem, Geographical Review, Vol. 78, No. 4 (Oct., 1988), pp. 387-404: "Modern planning began only after the British conquest of Palestine in World War I… In 1918 an engineer from Alexandria, William McLean, was commissioned to draft the first city plan… These provisions… caused the city to develop mainly to the west and southwest because of the restrictions on construction in the Old City and its immediate environs and the desire to retain the eastern skyline… McLean wanted Jerusalem to expand to the north, west, and south, with little development to the east because of climatic and topographical limitations. Thus almost from the onset of British colonial rule, development was encouraged in a generally westward direction, and this bias ultimately produced the initial contrasts that distinguished the eastern and western sectors of the city. McLean also adopted the principle of urban dispersal, and he proposed two main axes, one to the northwest and the other to the southwest of the Old City. His guidelines were repeated in most of the subsequent city plans."
↑ Amit 2011.
↑ Dumper 1997, 30–31?.
↑ Tessler, Mark A. (1994). 《A History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict》 (??). Indiana University Press. 329?. ISBN 978-0-253-20873-6.
↑ Greenway, H.D.S. (1980? 7? 23?). “Explainer; The 3000 years of battling over Jerusalem”. 《Boston Globe》. 2017? 12? 9?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2013? 4? 27?? ???.
↑ ^? ^? Selzer, Assaf (January 2021). Kedourie, Helen; Kelly, Saul, ??. “Building the capital: Thoughts, plans, and practice in the process of making West Jerusalem the capital city of the State of Israel, 1948–1967”. 《Middle Eastern Studies》 (Taylor & Francis) 57 (1): 57–71. doi:10.1080/00263206.2020.1831472. eISSN 1743-7881. ISSN 0026-3206. LCCN 65009869. OCLC 875122033. S2CID 227257542.
↑ Dumper 1997, 20–21?.
↑ Landler, Mark (2017? 12? 6?). “Trump Recognizes Jerusalem as Israel's Capital and Orders U.S. Embassy to Move”. 《The New York Times》. 2017? 12? 11?? ???.
↑ “Australia recognizes west Jerusalem as the capital of Israel”. 《CBS News》. 2018? 12? 15?.
↑ ^? ^? Dumper 1997, 22?.
↑ ^? ^? Alperovich, Gershon; Joseph Deutsch (April 1996). “Urban structure with two coexisting and almost completely segregated populations: The case of East and West Jerusalem”. 《Regional Science and Urban Economics》 26 (2): 171–187. doi:10.1016/0166-0462(95)02124-8.

??

Amit, Gish (Summer 2011). “Salvage or Plunder? Israel's "Collection" of Private Palestinian Libraries in West Jerusalem”. 《Journal of Palestine Studies》 40 (4): 6–23. doi:10.1525/jps.2011.xl.4.6. JSTOR 10.1525/jps.2011.xl.4.6.
Dumper, Michael (1997). 《The politics of Jerusalem since 1967》. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-10640-5.
Krystall, Nathan (1998). “The De-Arabization of West Jerusalem 1947-50”. 《Journal of Palestine Studies》 27 (2): 5–22. doi:10.2307/2538281. JSTOR 2538281.

[BBC_maps-1] ? ^? ^? “Key Maps”. 《Jerusalem: Before 1967 and now》. BBC News. 2013? 4? 26?? ???.

[FOOTNOTEDumper199735–36-2] ? ^? ^? Dumper 1997, 35–36?.

[HirschHousen-Couriel1995-3] Moshe Hirsch; Deborah Housen-Couriel; Ruth Lapidot (1995? 6? 28?). 《Whither Jerusalem?: Proposals and Positions Concerning the Future of Jerusalem》. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. 15?. ISBN 978-90-411-0077-1. What, then, is Israel's status in west Jerusalem? Two main answers have been adduced: (a) Israel has sovereignty in this area; and (b) sovereignty lies with the Palestinian people or is suspended.

[AkramDumper2010-4] Bisharat, George (2010? 12? 23?). 〈Maximizing Rights〉. Susan M. Akram; Michael Dumper; Michael Lynk. 《International Law and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: A Rights-Based Approach to Middle East Peace》. Routledge. 311?. ISBN 978-1-136-85098-1. As we have noted previously the international legal status of Jerusalem is contested and Israel’s designation of it as its capital has not been recognized by the international community. However its claims of sovereign rights to the city are stronger with respect to West Jerusalem than with respect to East Jerusalem.

[5] Elisha Efrat and Allen G. Noble, Planning Jerusalem, Geographical Review, Vol. 78, No. 4 (Oct., 1988), pp. 387-404: "Modern planning began only after the British conquest of Palestine in World War I… In 1918 an engineer from Alexandria, William McLean, was commissioned to draft the first city plan… These provisions… caused the city to develop mainly to the west and southwest because of the restrictions on construction in the Old City and its immediate environs and the desire to retain the eastern skyline… McLean wanted Jerusalem to expand to the north, west, and south, with little development to the east because of climatic and topographical limitations. Thus almost from the onset of British colonial rule, development was encouraged in a generally westward direction, and this bias ultimately produced the initial contrasts that distinguished the eastern and western sectors of the city. McLean also adopted the principle of urban dispersal, and he proposed two main axes, one to the northwest and the other to the southwest of the Old City. His guidelines were repeated in most of the subsequent city plans."

[FOOTNOTEAmit2011-6] Amit 2011.

[FOOTNOTEDumper199730–31-7] Dumper 1997, 30–31?.

[8] Tessler, Mark A. (1994). 《A History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict》 (??). Indiana University Press. 329?. ISBN 978-0-253-20873-6.

[9] Greenway, H.D.S. (1980? 7? 23?). “Explainer; The 3000 years of battling over Jerusalem”. 《Boston Globe》. 2017? 12? 9?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2013? 4? 27?? ???.

[Selzer_2021-10] ? ^? Selzer, Assaf (January 2021). Kedourie, Helen; Kelly, Saul, ??. “Building the capital: Thoughts, plans, and practice in the process of making West Jerusalem the capital city of the State of Israel, 1948–1967”. 《Middle Eastern Studies》 (Taylor & Francis) 57 (1): 57–71. doi:10.1080/00263206.2020.1831472. eISSN 1743-7881. ISSN 0026-3206. LCCN 65009869. OCLC 875122033. S2CID 227257542.

[FOOTNOTEDumper199720–21-11] Dumper 1997, 20–21?.

[12] Landler, Mark (2017? 12? 6?). “Trump Recognizes Jerusalem as Israel's Capital and Orders U.S. Embassy to Move”. 《The New York Times》. 2017? 12? 11?? ???.

[13] “Australia recognizes west Jerusalem as the capital of Israel”. 《CBS News》. 2018? 12? 15?.

[FOOTNOTEDumper199722-14] ? ^? Dumper 1997, 22?.

[urbanstructure-15] ? ^? Alperovich, Gershon; Joseph Deutsch (April 1996). “Urban structure with two coexisting and almost completely segregated populations: The case of East and West Jerusalem”. 《Regional Science and Urban Economics》 26 (2): 171–187. doi:10.1016/0166-0462(95)02124-8.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

羟苯乙酯是什么东西	政协主席什么级别	举措前面搭配什么	不偏不倚是什么意思	凡士林是什么东西
皮神经炎是什么症状	号是什么	胆固醇是什么意思	蜻蜓属于什么类动物	10年什么婚
但闻人语响的但是什么意思	大腿外侧是什么经络	缺维生素d吃什么	寮房是什么意思	肩膀疼什么原因
爸爸的姐姐的儿子叫什么	笑什么如花	什么水果是发物	增强胃动力吃什么药	pq是什么意思

甚好是什么意思hcv9jop4ns5r.cn	咳嗽挂号挂什么科zhiyanzhang.com	脂肪最终消化成什么hcv9jop2ns3r.cn	益生菌的食物是什么hcv9jop3ns3r.cn	小孩子拉肚子吃什么药hcv8jop2ns4r.cn
支气管疾患是什么意思hcv7jop7ns2r.cn	血压低压高是什么原因造成的clwhiglsz.com	青云志3什么时候上映onlinewuye.com	什么网名hcv8jop4ns6r.cn	苋菜与什么食物相克hcv8jop7ns6r.cn
三奇贵人是什么意思hcv9jop2ns7r.cn	梦见蛇蛋是什么意思啊hlguo.com	木节念什么hcv9jop6ns7r.cn	牙冠什么材质的好hcv9jop2ns4r.cn	子宫癌是什么症状hcv8jop0ns1r.cn
什么的夕阳hcv7jop9ns0r.cn	bea是什么意思hcv9jop2ns1r.cn	水土不服吃什么药管用cl108k.com	什么解酒hcv7jop6ns5r.cn	梦见自己假牙掉了是什么意思mmeoe.com